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Staking

The staking module powers Safrochain's proof-of-stake. Delegators bond SAF to validators and earn pro-rata rewards; validators sign blocks and take a configurable commission.

Delegator workflow​

Find validators​

# bonded validators sorted by tokens
safrochaind query staking validators --limit 200 -o json \
  | jq -r '.validators
            | map(select(.status == "BOND_STATUS_BONDED"))
            | sort_by(-(.tokens|tonumber))[]
            | "\(.description.moniker)\t\(.operator_address)\t\(.commission.commission_rates.rate)"'

Delegate​

safrochaind tx staking delegate <validator-operator-addr> <amount>usaf \
  --from <delegator-key> \
  --chain-id safro-mainnet-1 \
  --gas auto --gas-adjustment 1.3 --fees 5000usaf \
  -y

Redelegate (move stake)​

safrochaind tx staking redelegate <src-valoper> <dst-valoper> <amount>usaf \
  --from <delegator-key> --chain-id safro-mainnet-1 -y

You can only redelegate between two validators at most once per unbonding period, a chain-side anti-frontrun guard.

Unbond (start exit)​

safrochaind tx staking unbond <validator-operator-addr> <amount>usaf \
  --from <delegator-key> --chain-id safro-mainnet-1 -y

Stake enters the unbonding queue. It earns no rewards but can still be slashed for offences that happened before the unbond began.

Cancel an unbonding (recall)​

safrochaind tx staking cancel-unbond <validator-operator-addr> <amount>usaf <creation-height> \
  --from <delegator-key> --chain-id safro-mainnet-1 -y

creation-height is the block height where the original unbond was submitted (look it up via query staking unbonding-delegation).

Query my position​

ME=$(safrochaind keys show alice -a)

# all my delegations
safrochaind query staking delegations "$ME"

# all my pending unbonding entries
safrochaind query staking unbonding-delegations "$ME"

# total tokens delegated to a single validator across all delegators
safrochaind query staking validator <valoper> -o json | jq '.tokens'

Claim rewards​

The distribution module pays rewards. Claiming rewards is not a staking command, it's:

safrochaind tx distribution withdraw-rewards <valoper> --from <delegator> -y
# claim rewards from every validator I delegate to:
safrochaind tx distribution withdraw-all-rewards --from <delegator> -y

Validators additionally claim commission:

safrochaind tx distribution withdraw-rewards <my-valoper> --commission --from <validator> -y

Validator workflow​

For the full create-validator flow, see Become a validator.

Reference summary:

# 1. show consensus pubkey for the create-validator payload
safrochaind comet show-validator

# 2. submit create-validator
safrochaind tx staking create-validator validator.json --from validator -y

# 3. edit description / commission later
safrochaind tx staking edit-validator \
  --moniker "new name" \
  --website "https://example.com" \
  --details "Updated bio" \
  --commission-rate 0.06 \
  --from validator -y

# 4. unjail after downtime
safrochaind tx slashing unjail --from validator -y

Commission rules:

  • commission-rate may be raised or lowered by commission-max-change-rate per day.
  • commission-max-rate is set at creation and cannot be raised later.
  • min-self-delegation cannot decrease.

Useful queries​

safrochaind query staking pool                   # bonded vs not_bonded supply
safrochaind query staking params                 # unbonding_time, max_validators, etc.
safrochaind query staking historical-info <h>    # validator set at height h
safrochaind query staking delegations-to <valoper>
safrochaind query staking redelegations <delegator>

Risks worth re-reading​

  • Slashing for downtime / double-sign: see Slashing & jail.
  • Unbonding period: capital is locked while you unbond and still slashable for past offences.
  • Validator turning malicious: redelegate before signing slows for too long; you can't redelegate during a slashing event.
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